Spain’s official VioGén system — English explanation describes a police risk-assessment process, not a simple public checklist.
VioGen
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The process is broadly:
- Information is gathered: the police interview the victim and consider available evidence, previous incidents, witness accounts and relevant records.
- Risk factors are entered: the officer completes the relevant police risk-assessment questionnaire.
- The system calculates a proposed risk level: its statistical model assesses the combined information.
- The officer reviews the result: the responsible officer can raise the proposed level when circumstances warrant greater protection.
- Protection and monitoring are arranged: the risk level informs the response, and reassessment can take place as new information emerges.
VioGén+1
2. What is the actual score?
The system uses weighted risk indicators and a statistical model, but the official public information does not provide a complete, current scoring table showing every question, its numerical points and the cut-off scores for each risk category. I therefore cannot reliably give you an official points calculator or say, for example, that a certain number of points automatically means Alto or Extremo.
VioGén
Research on earlier versions of VioGén describes the underlying principle: risk indicators receive different weights, the model combines them, and thresholds map the resulting score to a risk level. Those historical details should not be assumed to be the exact scoring rules in the current VioGén 2 system.
journals.copmadrid.org
3. The four current risk levels
| Spanish | English | What it means in general |
|---|---|---|
| Bajo | Low | Lower assessed risk, but not zero risk |
| Medio | Medium | Significant risk requiring appropriate protective measures |
| Alto | High | Elevated risk requiring strengthened protection |
| Extremo | Extreme | Highest standard VioGén risk category, requiring the strongest applicable protective response |
VioGén 2 introduced these four levels in the 2025 protocol, removing the previous No Apreciado category.
Ministry of the Interior
