1. What is the age of consent in Spain?

The age of consent is 16 years old in all of Spain.

That means a person aged 16 or older can legally agree to sexual activity.

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2. Is it legal if one person is 16 and the other is older?

Yes — generally it is legal if:

• both people consent
• there is no abuse of power or authority (teacher, coach, guardian, etc.)
• there is no exploitation

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3. Can a 15-year-old legally consent in Spain?

No.
Under 16, a person cannot legally consent to sex, even if they agree.

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4. What if both people are under 16?

It can still fall under child protection laws, depending on age difference and circumstances. Authorities look at:

• age gap
• coercion or manipulation
• maturity and context

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5. Is “Romeo and Juliet” law a thing in Spain?

Not formally named that way, but Spanish law can be more flexible in cases where:

• both individuals are close in age
• there is genuine mutual consent
• no exploitation exists

However, this is assessed case by case.

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6. What counts as illegal even if someone is over 16?

Even after 16, sex is illegal if:

• there is coercion or pressure
• the person is in a vulnerable position (dependency, authority imbalance)
• there is exploitation or grooming
• money, drugs, or control are used to influence consent

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7. Does prostitution change the age of consent rules?

No.

• Age of consent (sex law): 16
• Sex work: not fully legal/regulated
• Anyone under 18 involved in prostitution is treated as a minor under protection laws

So:

• You cannot legally involve minors in prostitution in any way
• Exploitation or facilitation is a criminal offence

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8. Is prostitution legal in Spain?

It is a legal grey area:

• Adult prostitution is not directly criminalised
• But pimping, trafficking, and exploitation are illegal
• Public solicitation and organised brothels can be restricted locally

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9. What is the key takeaway?

• 16 = legal age for sex
• Under 18 = still heavily protected in prostitution contexts
• Exploitation = always illegal regardless of age

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