Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

BDNF is a critical mediator of vulnerability to stress, memory of fear/trauma, and stress-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder.[92] Variants close to the BDNF gene were found to be associated with obesity in two very large genome-wide association studies of body mass index (BMI).[93][94] High levels of BDNF and Substance P have been associated with increased itching in eczema.[95] BDNF is… Read More Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

Karma, Consciousness, and Freedom

Karma, consciousness, and freedom are interconnected concepts that have been explored and discussed in various philosophical and spiritual traditions. Let’s briefly look at each of these concepts individually and then explore their interrelationships. Now, let’s explore the interrelationships between these concepts: It’s important to note that these concepts have diverse interpretations and can vary across… Read More Karma, Consciousness, and Freedom

How does trauma bonding affect the brain?

One of many ways victims can help their brain break a trauma bond is by facilitating the release of calming oxytocin (from the amygdala). Igniting oxytocin receptors of this type can reduce cravings, ease withdrawal, and lessen pain. What causes someone to violate a person they claimed to love? There are many reasons, for example, substance or alcohol abuse, a… Read More How does trauma bonding affect the brain?