In Spain, working without residency can be tricky, as there are specific rules governing who can work and under what conditions. Here’s an overview of what you need to know if you’re not yet a resident in Spain but want to work there:
1. EU/EEA Nationals
If you are from an EU/EEA country, you don’t need a work visa to work in Spain. However, you will still need to register as a resident and obtain a residence certificate within three months of arriving. This allows you to live and work in Spain legally.
- Social Security Number: If you’re working, you’ll need to register with Spain’s social security system to ensure you’re covered for health care, pensions, and taxes.
- Tax Obligations: Even if you’re not a resident, you may still need to pay taxes on income earned in Spain.
2. Non-EU Nationals
If you’re from outside the EU, the process is more complicated, as you will need to obtain a work visa or a residence and work permit before you can legally work in Spain.
- Work Visa: To work in Spain as a non-EU citizen, you generally need a job offer from a Spanish employer. They must first prove that no qualified EU citizens are available to fill the position, which is usually part of the application process.
- Self-Employed Visa: If you’re planning to work as a freelancer or run your own business, you would need a self-employed visa or an autónomo (self-employment) visa. You’ll need to show proof of financial stability and business viability.
- Residency and Work Permit: If your application is approved, you’ll receive a work permit that is tied to your employer, but it generally also allows you to live in Spain.
3. Freelance Work (Autónomo)
As a non-resident, if you are planning to work as a freelancer (autónomo), you may need to apply for a special visa that allows self-employment. In addition to the visa, you’ll need:
- Tax Registration: Register as an autónomo with the Spanish tax office.
- Social Security: As a self-employed person, you’ll also need to register with Spain’s social security system (Seguridad Social).
4. Tourist Visa Restrictions
If you are in Spain on a tourist visa, you cannot legally work. A tourist visa is intended for leisure or short-term visits, and it does not allow you to work, even remotely for a company based in another country. If you’re found working without the proper visa, you may face fines, deportation, or a ban from reentering Spain.
5. Emergency Work Visa
If you plan to work temporarily while waiting for your residency status to be processed, you could look into an emergency work visa, which allows you to begin work while your application is being reviewed. This is more common for specialized professions.
It’s essential to have the right visa and follow the regulations for living and working in Spain to avoid legal trouble. If you’re unsure about your specific situation, it’s always a good idea to consult with an immigration lawyer or a professional who can help guide you through the process.
